Chambers dictionary of beliefs and religions
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In 1989, Chambers was acquired by Groupe de La Cite., part of CEP. Ĭhambers also published an extensive list of innovative and ultra-reliable language and reference titles, covering English-language dictionaries, thesauruses, bilingual dictionaries, and specialist titles on subjects such as biography, quotations, literary characters, science and technology and world history. The encyclopaedia was regarded as such a scholarly achievement that Law received the O.B.E. Law, commented that she believed the work to be the first major encyclopaedia to be published in Britain since before the First World War. The work was lauded by the then Lord Chancellor, Lord Jowitt, as "outstanding proof" of British scholarship, while the managing editor, M. This went through several further editions, reaching a high point of quality with the 1950 edition published in 15 volumes by George Newnes which took six years to prepare, cost £500,000 and included the work of over 2,300 authors. The first edition was based on a translation into English of the 10th edition of the German-language Konversations-Lexikon, which became the Brockhaus Enzyklopädie. The design and wording that appeared at the start of each volume of the Chambers's Encyclopaedia.īetween 18 they published their most important work to date, the renowned Chambers's Encyclopaedia (no longer published) in 520 weekly parts at three-halfpence each. This put an end to their struggle to survive although they still had to work hard. It was an immediate success and within a few years the weekly circulation had risen to 84,000 copies. In 1832, they published The Chambers Journal, a weekly newspaper containing articles on subjects such as history, religion, language and science, many of which were written by Robert himself.
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Education was always the main priority for William and Robert. In 1824, Robert wrote, and the brothers published, Traditions of Edinburgh. This was the nearest thing to a guaranteed best-seller in 19th-century Edinburgh, and brought further profits and some fame. They had no training in printing and binding but together they printed, bound and published 750 copies of The Songs of Robert Burns in around 1819. William's apprenticeship came to an end when he turned 18 and he joined Robert working in the shop.Īlthough they had had a modest beginning, the brothers began to do well. He too moved to Edinburgh, rented a one-roomed shop in Leith Walk, and set himself up as a bookseller when he was just 16 years old. Robert, also an avid reader, could not go to university when he finished school because his parents could not afford to pay. He was apprenticed to a bookseller, at the sum of 4 shillings a week. He was a keen reader and would get up early in the morning to read by the dawn light because he was too poor to buy candles. Robert remained at home to finish his education, but William was forced to find work to support his parents.
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The war impoverished the family and, in 1813, the family left Peebles for Edinburgh.
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They were born into a rich, mill-owning family in Peebles in Scotland in 18 respectively, during the time of the war with France. Chambers Publishers by the two brothers William Chambers of Glenormiston and Robert Chambers.